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International Journal of Tropical Medicine

ISSN: Online 1818-779X
ISSN: Print 1816-3319
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Profile of Pediatric Neoplasms in a Rural Hospital from Western India

Rahul M. Jadhav, Swati V. Dahe, Amol R. Gaikwad, Shreyans A. Amin, Nikhil S. Deshpande, Ravindra R. Karle and Suryakant D. Dongre
Page: 136-142 | Received 21 Aug 2024, Published online: 28 Oct 2024

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https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makijtm.2024.4.136.142

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Abstract

Pediatric lesions requiring surgical interventions are highly varied. They range from developmental and congenital conditions to acute emergencies, benign and malignant neoplasms and other space‐occupying lesions. Pediatric surgical specimens are much fewer and routinely very few pathologists come across them. There has been very few studies providing details about solid benign neoplasm, solid malignant neoplasm along with leukemia cases found in pediatric populations. The literature search reveals a lack of reports, particularly in the context of India, viewing the profile of pediatric surgical specimen workload. The prevalence of these lesions can be affected by various factors like geographical location, tropical climate and socio‐economic conditions. To study the profile of pediatric neoplasms in a rural hospital including solid benign, solid malignant neoplasm and leukemia The present study was a retrospective descriptive crosssectional study carried out from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2023. The study included all pediatric (0‐14 years) histopathology and hematology samples received in the department of pathology. All specimens after receiving were fixed properly using 10% formalin and grossed within 24 hours and stained by haematoxylon and eosin (HandE) staining, blood samples received suspecting leukemia were run within 2 hours of receiving the sample and slides were made stained by leishmann stain followed by the cytochemical stain of freshly prepared Myeloperoxidase (MPO) or Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stain were done to reach final diagnosis of leukemia along with morphology. Out of a total of 135 neoplasms, a maximum of 42.22% cases were of solid malignant neoplasm followed by 29.63% cases of leukemia and 28.15% cases of solid benign neoplasm. From the solid malignant neoplasm subtype, maximum cases of 15.55% were found in both 5‐9 years and 10‐14 year age group. Leukemia cases were found more commonly in the 0‐4 years of age group with total of 10.37% cases followed by 9.62% cases each in the 5‐9 years and 10‐14 years age group. Majority of solid benign neoplasms were found in 0‐4 years of age group with total of 11.85% cases followed by 8.14% cases each in 5‐9 year and 10 to 14 year age group. Overall study showed a male preponderance with a sex ratio of 1.5:1. Malignant solid tumors were common tumors in pediatric age group in our region 42.22%. There is a male preponderance for pediatric lesions with sex ratio of 1.5:1. Arbitrarily divided age group show equal distribution of lesions. In solid malignant neoplasms, the commonest neoplasm were hodgkins and non‐hodgkin lymphoma followed by neuroblastoma. In solid benign neoplasm category the commonest neoplasm were vascular tumors followed by germ cell tumor having cases of mature teratoma and foetiform teratoma. Among leukemias, acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases were most common followed by Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

How to cite this article:

Rahul M. Jadhav, Swati V. Dahe, Amol R. Gaikwad, Shreyans A. Amin, Nikhil S. Deshpande, Ravindra R. Karle and Suryakant D. Dongre. Profile of Pediatric Neoplasms in a Rural Hospital from Western India.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makijtm.2024.4.136.142
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1816-3319/10.36478/makijtm.2024.4.136.142