Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
Abstract
Tracheostomy is a frequently performed airway procedure in both emergency and elective settings, particularly for patients with upper airway obstruction, prolonged mechanical ventilation, or requiring tracheobronchial toileting. The clinical profile, indications, and complications of tracheostomy vary depending on institutional practices and patient demographics. To evaluate the demographic distribution, clinical indications, and complications associated with tracheostomy in patients managed at a tertiary care teaching hospital with a full fledged oncology and cardiac centre over a two‐year period. This retrospective observational study included 98 patients who underwent tracheostomy between January 2022 and December 2023. Data were collected on age, gender, indication for tracheostomy, type of anaesthesia used, and procedure‐related complications. The majority of patients were males (57.1%), and most tracheostomies were performed under local anaesthesia (68.4%). The peak incidence was in the age group 51–60 years with a mean age 52 (39.8%). The most common indication was respiratory obstruction (60.2%), primarily due to carcinoma of the hypopharynx, glottis,or supraglottis. Prolonged ventilation (30.6%) and Tracheobronchial toileting (6.1%) were other significant indications. The most frequent complication was tube blockage (20.4%), followed by infection at the tracheostomy site (12.2%). Respiratory obstruction due to upper aerodigestive tract malignancies remains the most common indication for tracheostomy in our setting. While the procedure is generally safe, complications such as tube blockage and infection are not uncommon. Routine post‐operative monitoring and early recognition of complications are essential to reduce morbidity.
How to cite this article:
Raajan Perumal Pillai, G. SankaraNarayanan, H.S. Sabari Nath, Lyra Joy and Mahiben . Clinical Profile, Indications, and Complications of Tracheostomy in A Tertiary Care Centre.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/makrjms.2024.11.702.706
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/makrjms.2024.11.702.706