Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
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A Prospective Study on the Impact of Preoperative Nutritional Status and Serum Albumin Levels on Postoperative Outcomes and Anaesthetic Recovery in Major Abdominal Surgeries
Harsha Vardhan, Vivek Pushp and Syed Asmat Ali
Page: 235-239 | Received 15 Oct 2017, Published online: 29 Dec 2017
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Abstract
Malnutrition and hypoalbuminemia are well‐established predictors of adverse surgical outcomes. Serum albumin, a readily available and inexpensive biomarker, reflects both nutritional and inflammatory status and may serve as a useful tool for perioperative risk stratification. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative serum albumin levels and postoperative outcomes and anaesthetic recovery in patients undergoing major abdominal surgeries. In this prospective observational study, 200 adult patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery at a tertiary care centre were enrolled over a 9‐month period. Patients were stratified into two groups based on preoperative serum albumin levels: <3.5g/dL and $3.5 g/dL. Postoperative complications, anaesthetic recovery metrics (e.g., extubation time, ICU stay) and length of hospital stay were compared. Multi variate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of morbidity. Hypoalbuminemia (<3.5 g/dL) was observed in 46% of patients. This group had significantly higher complication rates, including surgical site infections (20.7% vs. 5.6%), pulmonary complications (12.0% vs. 2.8%) and wound dehiscence (9.8% vs. 1.9%). Time to extubation (6.2 vs. 4.7 hours), ICU stay (2.7 vs. 1.4 days) and hospital stay (11.2 vs. 7.6 days) were all prolonged in the low‐albumin group. Hypoalbuminemia was independently associated with increased risk of postoperative complications (adjusted OR 2.86., 95% CI: 1.49‐5.51., p<0.01). Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is a strong, independent predictor of adverse postoperative outcomes in major abdominal surgery. Incorporating serum albumin into preoperative risk assessment protocols may facilitate early intervention strategies and improve surgical outcomes.
How to cite this article:
Harsha Vardhan, Vivek Pushp and Syed Asmat Ali. A Prospective Study on the Impact of Preoperative Nutritional Status and Serum Albumin Levels on Postoperative Outcomes and Anaesthetic Recovery in Major Abdominal Surgeries.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/makrjms.2017.6.235.239
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/makrjms.2017.6.235.239