Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
Abstract
Abdominal trauma represents a critical public health issue globally, affecting all socio‐economic strata. It predominantly arises from road traffic accidents, leading to blunt abdominal injuries, while penetrating injuries are primarily due to stab wounds. Despite advancements in diagnostic techniques, significant challenges such as delayed hospitalization, diagnosis lapses and inadequate treatment contribute to high morbidity and mortality rates. This is further complicated by associated injuries to other vital areas such as the spine, head, thorax and extremities. The study aims to explore the causes, incidence, patterns and mortality rates of abdominal trauma among patients at Kanyakumari Medical College. This prospective study included patients treated for abdominal trauma at the tertiary care emergency department of Kanyakumari Medical College from June 2022 to December 2022. Data collection followed resuscitation of the patients, capturing details from identification to postoperative outcomes. Management strategies were determined based on clinical assessments and diagnostic tests, with some patients undergoing nonoperative management based on strict monitoring protocols. The study involved 20 patients, predominantly male (80%), with ages ranging from 23‐72 years. The average age was 42.8 years. Road traffic accidents were the most common cause, with blunt trauma occurring in 60% of cases. The spleen was frequently affected in blunt trauma, whereas the omentum and small bowel were common sites of injury in penetrating cases. The mortality rate for blunt trauma stood at 5%, primarily due to delays in receiving care and the presence of polytrauma. Prevention remains the most effective strategy against the morbidity and mortality of blunt abdominal trauma. Enhancing trauma care facilities both in tertiary centers and along major roadways is crucial. Prompt hospitalization within the golden hour, meticulous monitoring and appropriate postoperative care are essential for improving patient outcomes.
How to cite this article:
A. Prabhakaran and S.A. Malathi. A Study on Blunt and Penetrating Abdominal Trauma its Various Patterns of Injuries and Management.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.59218/makrjms.2024.5.600.604
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.59218/makrjms.2024.5.600.604