Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
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Abstract
Fistula‐in‐ano is a common anorectal condition that is primarily seen in younger and mid‐aged people and leads to chronic morbidity and surgery is the primary treatment option. Recurrence and incontinence rates are higher in complex anal fistulas as compared to simple anal fistulas, therefore there are large number of surgical procedures for treating complex anal fistulas. Many factors such as etiology, complexity and other factors affect the results, therefore there is no single best method for treating fistula in ano. As compared to other methods ligation of the intersphincteric tract (LIFT) has low rate of fecal incontinence and seems to be a effective treatment. The aim of this study was to study clinical profile of Fistula‐in‐ano (Cross sectional study). The patients were examined based on their demographic details, baseline physical and clinical examination findings specific to patients such as Perianal discharge (Duration, type and number of episodes), Pain (Duration and type), Swelling in perianal region if present, External and internal openings of the fistula (Number, site, level) and any previous history of abscess or proctological surgery. The surgical procedures, complications, incontinence, recurrence, abscess formation and healing duration were evaluated and compared. A total of 82 patients were enrolled in this cross sectional study, out of which 40 patients underwent fistulectomy, 36 patients underwent fistulotomy and 6 patients underwent LIFT with seton. The patients were examined based on their demographic details, baseline physical and clinical examination findings specific to patients and the number, level and location of internal and external openings The mean healing duration for fistulectomy was 43 days, fistulotomy was 46.81 days and for LIFT was 45.83 days. However, the recurrence rate was higher in fistulotomy and perianal abscess was seen in LIFT procedure. In this study it was observed that the most common etiology that leads to fistula in ano is Cryptoglandular infection. Majority of the patients presented with spontaneous rupture of perianal abscess along with perianal pain and pus discharge. Patients of low anal fistula were managed by fistulectomy and fistulotomy with post operative complications such as recurrence and healing time in both the procedure were similar. LIFT procedure was carried in extra sphincteric fistula with post operative complication such as abscess was seen.
How to cite this article:
Omprasad Chilwant, Harshal Ramteke, Sanjeev Chowksey, Sushrut Fulare, Gowardhan Dare and Aniket Khadatkar. Study of Clinical Profile of Fistula in Ano: A Cross Sectional Study.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.59218/makrjms.2024.5.411.417
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.59218/makrjms.2024.5.411.417