Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
Abstract
Autoimmune bullous diseases (ABDs) are characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against structural proteins in the skin and mucous membranes, leading to blister formation. Uveitis, an inflammatory condition of the uveal tract of the eye, can be associated with systemic autoimmune disorders. However, the prevalence and specific characteristics of uveitis in patients with ABDs remain poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, clinical features, and outcomes of uveitis in patients diagnosed with autoimmune bullous diseases. A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 200 patients diagnosed with autoimmune bullous diseases at a tertiary care center from January 2015 to December 2020. Patients were screened for the presence of uveitis through clinical examination, which included slit‐lamp biomicroscopy and dilated fundus examination. Data on demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, treatment modalities, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. Out of the 200 patients with autoimmune bullous diseases, 32 (16%) were diagnosed with uveitis. The mean age of patients with uveitis was 45 years, and 62.5% were female. The most common types of autoimmune bullous diseases associated with uveitis were pemphigus vulgaris (34.4%) and bullous pemphigoid (28.1%). Anterior uveitis was the most frequent type of uveitis observed (75%), followed by posterior (18.75%) and panuveitis (6.25%). The majority of patients with uveitis (84%) responded well to corticosteroid therapy, with a significant improvement in ocular symptoms. Complications related to uveitis occurred in 12.5% of cases, including cataract formation and glaucoma. The prevalence of uveitis in patients with autoimmune bullous diseases in this study was 16%, with anterior uveitis being the most common type. Patients with pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid were more likely to develop uveitis. The findings highlight the need for regular ophthalmic screenings in patients with autoimmune bullous diseases to ensure early detection and management of uveitis, potentially reducing the risk of complications and improving patient outcomes.
How to cite this article:
Koruprolu V. Mangalaxmi and Amru Bhukya. Prevalence and Characteristics of Uveitis in Patients with Autoimmune Bullous Diseases.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.59218/makrjms.2024.1.250.254
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.59218/makrjms.2024.1.250.254