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Research Journal of Medical Sciences

ISSN: Online 1993-6095
ISSN: Print 1815-9346
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Role of Diffusion Weighted Imaging in Assessing Aggressiveness of Rectal Cancer: An Institution Based Cross Sectional Study

Anuradha Kapali, Dukle Vaishali, Aravind Kapali, Usha Amirtham, S. D. Madhu and Kiran Budihal
Page: 657-661 | Received 04 Jul 2023, Published online: 02 Aug 2023

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https://doi.org/10.36478/10.59218/makrjms.2023.657.661

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Abstract

High resolution MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is the imaging modality of choice in staging rectal carcinoma and in planning optimal treatment. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) helps in tumour detection, characterization and evaluating treatment response. The diffusion restriction is quantified as apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). The study aims to determine if pre treatment ADC is useful in predicting extramural invasion, nodal metastases, circumferential resection margins, lymphovascular emboli and histological tumour grading thus predicting tumour aggressiveness. The study was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary oncological referral institute. Patients with carcinoma rectum referred to the department for MRI during the period of a year from November 2018 to October 2019 were included in the study. The final study group included 38 patients of carcinoma rectum. The apparent diffusion coefficient was calculated and its association with the tumour grade, T stage, nodal metastases, circumferential resection margin and lymphovascular emboli was evaluated according to pathology reports retrospectively collected from the patient records. Mean ADC among Grade 1 tumor was 1.130, among Grade 2 tumor was 0.859 and among Grade 3 Tumor was 0.629. Mean ADC was low (0.798) in Advanced T Stage compared to early stage (1.043). Mean ADC was low in those with metastatic lymph nodes and with positive lymphovascular emboli. In our study there was significant association of mean ADC with tumor differentiation grade, transmural involvement by tumor, presence of nodal metastases and lymphovascular emboli with lower ADC being associated with features of aggressive neoplasm.

How to cite this article:

Anuradha Kapali, Dukle Vaishali, Aravind Kapali, Usha Amirtham, S. D. Madhu and Kiran Budihal. Role of Diffusion Weighted Imaging in Assessing Aggressiveness of Rectal Cancer: An Institution Based Cross Sectional Study.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.59218/makrjms.2023.657.661
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.59218/makrjms.2023.657.661