Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
Abstract
Jaundice in pregnancy is a significant medical disorder that complicates 3‐5% of pregnancies, contributing to substantial maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. It can result from liver disorders specific to pregnancy, non‐specific liver disorders, or pre‐existing liver conditions that worsen during pregnancy. The incidence of jaundice in pregnancy varies globally, with limited comprehensive studies documenting its etiological factors in certain regions, including India. The study aimed to determine the spectrum of etiological factors responsible for jaundice in pregnancy, examine the clinical and laboratory profiles of affected pregnant patients and analyze the distribution of jaundice concerning age, parity and trimester. This descriptive study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital over 18 months, including 100 pregnant and postpartum patients presenting with jaundice. A comprehensive clinical assessment, detailed history‐taking, physical examination and a range of laboratory investigations were performed to establish the diagnosis and monitor liver function. Etiological factors were categorized into pregnancy‐specific, non‐specific and pre‐existing liver disorders. The study found that 92% of patients were aged 30 years or younger, with 84% of jaundice cases occurring in the third trimester. PIH/HELLP syndrome was the most common cause (38%), followed by viral hepatitis (34%). Hepatitis B was the predominant viral etiology. The third trimester and postpartum period were critical for the onset of these conditions. Liver disorders specific to pregnancy accounted for 54% of cases, highlighting the complexity of managing jaundice in pregnancy. The study underscores the need for early screening, multidisciplinary care and further research to improve outcomes in pregnancies complicated by jaundice. The findings highlight the third trimester as a high‐risk period, particularly for conditions like PIH/HELLP and viral hepatitis.
How to cite this article:
Vandana and G. Anil Kumar. A Clinical Study of Etiology of Jaundice in Pregnancy.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2024.9.310.315
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.36478/makrjms.2024.9.310.315