Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
Abstract
Anal fistula is a common anorectal condition often resulting from untreated abscesses and associated with symptoms such as pain, discharge and recurrent infections. Despite advancements in diagnostic and surgical approaches, managing anal fistula remains challenging due to the high rates of recurrence and potential for incontinence. This study aimed to assess the demographic distribution, clinical features, management outcomes and complications in patients with anal fistula. A cross‐sectional observational study was conducted at our institution involving 50 patients diagnosed with anal fistula. Patients underwent structured clinical assessments, including demographic analysis, clinical features and physical examinations to determine fistula level. Surgical interventions (fistulectomy, fistulotomy and seton tightening) were performed based on fistula characteristics. Postoperative complications were monitored and analyzed. Inclusion criteria included adults aged 21 and above, diagnosed with anal fistula and willing to undergo surgical treatment. Exclusion criteria included patients with inflammatory bowel disease, recurrent fistulas, malignancy, or coagulopathies. Of the 50 patients, 84% were male, with a mean age of 41‐60 years (44%). The most common clinical features included external openings (100%), discharge (92%), itching (76%) and pain (42%). The majority of fistulas (90%) were low‐level and the preferred surgical procedure was fistulectomy (82%). Postoperative complications were minimal, with only 8% of patients experiencing complications. The recurrence rate was low and no significant long‐term issues were reported. This study highlights the predominance of anal fistula in middle‐aged males and the successful management of low‐level fistulas with fistulectomy. Further research is needed to explore novel treatment techniques and long‐term patient outcomes.
How to cite this article:
Ranga Ajmeera, Kotha Haripriya and Vikram Reddy Gottam. A Clinical Study on Anal Fistula.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2024.12.335.339
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.36478/makrjms.2024.12.335.339