Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
Abstract
The neonatal period, defined as the first 28 days of life, involves rapid adaptation of the skin to extrauterine conditions. Neonates commonly exhibit a variety of skin lesions, which may be transient, physiological, or pathological. Early identification of these conditions is essential for proper management, relieving parental anxiety and avoiding unnecessary treatments. A cross‐sectional study was conducted over 18 months (January 2019 to June 2020) at Bhaskar General Hospital, Yenkapally, involving 400 neonates. Data collection included demographic details, gestational age, birth weight, parity and maternal history. Neonates underwent detailed dermatological examinations with follow‐ups within 28 days if additional skin changes were noted. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, with descriptive statistics applied to summarize findings. Out of 400 neonates, 276 (69%) exhibited cutaneous lesions. The most common findings included: Mongolian spots: 194 cases (48.5%), Physiological jaundice: 79 cases (19.75%, Sebaceous hyperplasia: 48 cases (12%). Lesions were observed in 69.4% of term, 66% of preterm and 66% of post‐term neonates. Lesions were more common in neonates $2.5 kg (89%) compared to <2.5 kg (11%). Higher incidence of lesions was noted in neonates born to primigravida (69%) and second gravida (70.4%). Maximum cases (69.8%) occurred in neonates born to mothers aged 21‐ 25 years. Cutaneous lesions are common among neonates, with Mongolian spots being the most prevalent. While most lesions are physiological or transient, recognizing and distinguishing these from pathological conditions is essential for timely intervention and parental reassurance.
How to cite this article:
Shaik Mahaboob Jahan, P. Madhavi Reddy, Aashritha Yerneni and B. Janardhan. Cutaneous Findings in Neonates: A Clinical Study from a Tertiary Care Center.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2024.11.576.580
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.36478/makrjms.2024.11.576.580