Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
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Comparative Study of Open Hemorrhoidectomy and Rubber Band Ligation in the Treatment of Third‐Degree Hemorrhoids
Austin Sebastian, Aarif Bashir, Jha Madan Mohan, Sameer H. Naqash and Srishti Gupta
Page: 290-296 | Received 20 Aug 2024, Published online: 24 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Hemorrhoids, commonly known as piles, are vascular structures in the anal canal crucial for maintaining continence. When swollen or inflamed, they can significantly impact quality of life. The global prevalence of hemorrhoids varies, with notable rates in Australia (38.93%), Israel (16%), and Korea (14.4%). In the U.S., about 10 million individuals experience symptomatic hemorrhoids annually. Hemorrhoids are categorized into four grades, with third‐degree hemorrhoids representing prolapsed hemorrhoids requiring manual reduction. Among treatment options, open hemorrhoidectomy and rubber band ligation are prominent. Open hemorrhoidectomy is effective but associated with postoperative pain and extended recovery. Rubber band ligation is less invasive with faster recovery but may be less effective for larger hemorrhoids. A comparative interventional study was conducted at Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, over one year. The study included 88 patients aged 18‐65 years with third‐degree hemorrhoids, randomized into two groups: Group A (open hemorrhoidectomy) and Group B (rubber band ligation). Pain on postoperative day (POD) 1 was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Data on hospital stay, postoperative complications, and wound healing were collected on POD 7, 30 and 60. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 17. The median pain score on POD 1 was significantly higher in Group A (8) compared to Group B (2) (p=0.001). The median hospital stay was longer for Group A (6.5 days) compared to Group B (0 days) (p=0.001). On POD 7, pain was reported by 25% of Group A and 18.2% of Group B (p=0.559). By POD 60, wounds had healed in all patients in both groups. At 6 months, recurrence was 4.5% in Group A and 11.4% in Group B (p=0.237). Rubber band ligation offers advantages in reduced postoperative pain and shorter hospital stays compared to open hemorrhoidectomy, though it may have a higher recurrence rate. The choice of treatment should be tailored to individual patient needs. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and assess long‐term outcomes.
How to cite this article:
Austin Sebastian, Aarif Bashir, Jha Madan Mohan, Sameer H. Naqash and Srishti Gupta. Comparative Study of Open Hemorrhoidectomy and Rubber Band Ligation in the Treatment of Third‐Degree Hemorrhoids.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2024.11.290.296
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.36478/makrjms.2024.11.290.296