Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and decompensated cirrhosis are prevalent chronic health conditions with significant morbidity and mortality. The interplay between DM and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in cirrhotic patients is complex and not fully understood. This study aims to explore the relationship between DM and the risk of HE in patients with decompensated cirrhosis across different age groups, contributing to age-specific management strategies. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Patna Medical College and Hospital, involving 56 patients with decompensated cirrhosis, including 28 diabetic and 28 non-diabetic patients, from January to December 2023. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and medical records, encompassing demographic information, clinical history, laboratory results and imaging findings. HE was assessed using the West Haven criteria. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, with comparisons made using chi-square and t-tests and multivariate logistic regression to identify independent predictors of HE. The incidence of HE was significantly higher in diabetic patients (67.9%) compared to non-diabetic patients (35.7%) (p=0.02). Diabetic patients also exhibited more severe HE, with significant differences in the distribution of HE grades (p=0.01 for Grade I and p=0.02 for Grade IV). Age was a significant factor, with the highest prevalence of HE in the 60-69 years age group (30.4%). Multivariate analysis identified DM (OR 3.12, p=0.02) and age (OR 1.05, p=0.04) as independent predictors of HE. Although diabetic patients had a longer average hospitalization duration (15.8 days vs. 13.2 days) and higher mortality (17.9% vs. 10.7%), these differences were not statistically significant. Diabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk and severity of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, with age further exacerbating this risk. These findings highlight the necessity for stringent glycemic control and age-specific management strategies to improve outcomes in this vulnerable patient population.
How to cite this article:
Noorussaba Arfeen, Devendra Kumar Sinha and Kaushal Kishore. Diabetes Mellitus and Decompensated Cirrhosis: Risk of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Different Age
Groups.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2024.1.484.489
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.36478/makrjms.2024.1.484.489