Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
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Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility and Outcome of Neonatal Sepsis in Special Newborn Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India
Chandan Kachhwaha, Akshay Kamle, Monika Singar, Amrita Chauhan and Jyoti Prajapati
Page: 49-54 | Received 01 Mar 2023, Published online: 08 Apr 2023
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Abstract
Neonatal sepsis is a prominent contributor to neonatal mortality on a global scale, particularly in developing nations such as India. Sepsis, encompassing pneumonia, was found to be accountable for 17.4% of neonatal fatalities and ranks third among the primary causes of neonatal mortality in India. The objective of this study is to ascertain the profile, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and clinical outcome of neonatal sepsis cases that have been confirmed. Study Design Prospective observational studies collect data on a group of people in the future. The study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, MGM Medical College and associated Chacha Nehru Balchikitsalaya and Maharaja Yashwant Rao Hospital, a tertiary care hospital, over a period of 1 year. About 394 babies blood samples were collected, processed and analysed from clinically suspected neonates who were admitted to a special newborn care unit. They were enrolled and followed until the outcome. The variables that were documented in this study included microorganisms that were isolated from blood cultures, antibiotic susceptibility and follow‐up until the final outcome. Among the 394 blood samples analysed, the rate of culture positivity was found to be 19.8%. The study revealed that 71.1% of the subjects were male while 28.9% were female. In terms of birthplace, 64.2% were born outside the hospital while 35.8% were born inside. Furthermore, 53.8% of the subjects were born prematurely while 46.2% were born at full term. Additionally, 65.4% of the subjects had low birth weight while 34.6% had appropriate weight at birth. The prevalence of gram‐negative microorganisms was 70.5%, while gram‐positive microorganisms accounted for 28.2% of the sample. Candida species were detected in 1.3% of the specimens. The prevalent isolates were Klebsiella, E. coli and Staphylococcus, accounting for 32.1, 17.9 and 12.8% of the total, respectively. The study revealed that half of the gram‐negative isolates exhibited resistance towards ampicillin, piperacillin tazobactam and cephalosporin, while all of them demonstrated sensitivity towards colistin. Half of the Gram‐positive bacteria exhibited methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) characteristics, while all of them demonstrated susceptibility to vancomycin. Following the conclusion of the treatment regimen, a majority of 87.2% of patients were discharged, while a minority of 9.9% chose to leave the medical facility against medical advice. Additionally, a small percentage of 3.8% of patients expired. Neonatal sepsis is predominantly caused by Gram‐negative microorganisms. The majority of these microorganisms exhibit resistance to first‐line antibiotics that are commonly employed, thereby rendering empirical treatment strategies ineffective. The implementation of regular monitoring could prove to be a valuable strategy in the fight against antibiotic resistance. The present study aims to investigate the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in relation to multidrug resistance. Additionally, the study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of the current antibiotic policy in addressing the issue of multidrug resistance.
How to cite this article:
Chandan Kachhwaha, Akshay Kamle, Monika Singar, Amrita Chauhan and Jyoti Prajapati. Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility and Outcome of Neonatal Sepsis in Special
Newborn Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.59218/rjms.2023.49.54
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.59218/rjms.2023.49.54