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Research Journal of Medical Sciences

ISSN: Online 1993-6095
ISSN: Print 1815-9346
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Efficacy of Oral Paracetamol Over Oral Ibuprofen in Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Neonates: A Randomised Controlled Non Inferiority Study

Pallavi Charanthimath, Anita Daddi, B.C. Yelamali, M.S. Sheela and Gajanan T. Magadum
Page: 72-76 | Received 15 Sep 2024, Published online: 14 Jan 2025

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https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2025.2.72.76

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Abstract

Ductus arteriosus (DA) is an essential vascular shunt during foetal life that connects the pulmonary artery with the aorta. During the embryo period, this shunt diverts blood from the pulmonary bed to the systemic circulation. In term neonates, in normal physiologic conditions, this arterial duct closes spontaneously up to by 72 hours. But in few cases, especially in preterm neonates this duct does not close after birth, which is called as patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). This PDA if left untreated leads to depression in respiratory capacity and shunt formation. Incidence of failure of the DA to close after birth is inversely proportional to gestational age (GA), with an incidence as high as 60% in 32 week preterm neonates. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common cause of morbidity in premature neonates. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of oral ibuprofen and oral paracetamol for closure of hsPDA, in premature neonates with gestational age (GA) <37 weeks. This study is a randomized clinical trial with 50 preterm neonates who were admitted in neonatal intensive care unit with hsPDA and GA <37 weeks. 25 neonates received oral ibuprofen and 25 neonates received oral paracetamol and compared with echocardiography finding of each groups for closure of PDA before and after treatment. Our results showed that, closure rate of PDA is 88% (i.e. n=22) and 88% (i.e. n=22) in the ibuprofen and paracetamols groups, respectively and statistically no significant difference was observed between the two groups (P=0.74). These findings suggest that there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of oral paracetamol and oral ibuprofen on closing of hsPDA, but less adverse effects with oral paracetamol making it reasonable choice for the treatment of hsPDA.

How to cite this article:

Pallavi Charanthimath, Anita Daddi, B.C. Yelamali, M.S. Sheela and Gajanan T. Magadum. Efficacy of Oral Paracetamol Over Oral Ibuprofen in Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Neonates: A Randomised Controlled Non Inferiority Study.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2025.2.72.76
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.36478/makrjms.2025.2.72.76