Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the clinical profile, metabolic and hematological abnormalities and neonatal outcomes in neonates born to diabetic mothers (IDMs) at a tertiary care neonatal unit. A total of 76 neonates born to mothers with diabetes (either pre‐gestational diabetes mellitus [OGDM] or gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM]) were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Maternal and neonatal characteristics, birth weights, presence of macrosomia, clinical abnormalities and complications including hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, congenital anomalies and respiratory distress were recorded. The outcomes of neonates born to mothers with GDM and OGDM were compared. Among the 76 IDMs, 87% were born to mothers with GDM and 13% to mothers with OGDM. The mean maternal age was 25.6 years and 67.2% of mothers with GDM were multiparous. The neonatal cohort had a significant incidence of metabolic abnormalities: hypoglycemia (46.1%), hyperbilirubinemia (44.7%) and hypocalcemia (34.2%). Macrosomia was observed in 36% of the neonates. Congenital anomalies were identified in 6.6% of the neonates, with cardiac defects and cleft lip and palate being the most common. Respiratory distress affected 38.2% of the neonates. Infants born to mothers with OGDM had more severe outcomes, including higher rates of macrosomia and respiratory distress, compared to those born to mothers with GDM. Infants of diabetic mothers are at increased risk of metabolic abnormalities, macrosomia, congenital anomalies and respiratory complications. Strict maternal glycemic control during pregnancy and early postnatal management of neonates are critical to minimizing these risks. Furthermore, preconceptional counseling for women with diabetes is essential for optimizing maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
How to cite this article:
Rajnikant Mohanlal Patel, Patel Arpita Kanubhai, Ajay Sethi and Kalpesh K. Dhangar. Clinical Profile and Outcome of Infant of Diabetic Mother in Tertiary Care Newborn Care Units.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2025.2.262.268
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.36478/makrjms.2025.2.262.268