Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
Abstract
This cross sectional study conducted on 100 patients, for analysis of clinical feature with evaluation of coagulation disorder in patients presented themselves to emergency ward with symptoms, signs and definite evidences of snakebite. Since most of our cases were haematotoxic, it appears that viper bites are much more rampant than cobra bites. We observed bites by both russell’s viper and echis carinatum. Al most all our patients were farmers. Most of our patients were males( 65 %). This is probably because, more males are involved in farming as compared to females. Most of our patients belonged to the age group of 18‐45 years(74%). This is probably because most of the farmers working in the fields(including female) belonged to the age group of 18‐45 years. We found that living condition in rural areas, their living habits, working and walking bare footed and their occupation were the obvious reasons for their high incidence of snakebite in the rural population. Rainy season is the period of activity for snakes, when busy agricultural work, coincidentally doubles the risk. Most of the snake bites occurred in the day time (6am‐6pm)(69%). This probably because most of the victims couldn’t visualize the snake which they stamped while working in a field during daytime. Nocturnal bites were more venomous than bites by day time. This may be due to their clear vision at night. The presence of local swelling in most of the patient who received local treatment 51(tourniquet by patient relatives and first aid by PHC staff) and some of them who had no local treatment, with no appreciable difference in the grade of systemic poisoning in the two groups, would indicate that local. The most common bleeding manifestation that we observed in our study is the bleeding from the site of bite. We didn’t have any case of subarachanoid hemorrhage. Ptosis and diplopia were the most common neurological manifestation we observed. Four patients developed respiratory paralysis and recovered after 2‐3 days. Although patients had chest pain, breathlessness and palpitations, examination and ECG were normal. We attribute these symptoms to anxiety. Out of 14 patients who developed renal failure, 10 patients improved following conservative management. 4 patients had severe renal failure. These patients had to undergo hematolysis thrice in a week for a period of 1 month, after which their renal function recovered fully. Fang marks were seen on 87 patients. We observed that most of the snake bites occurred in the toes and feet in LL(79%) and hands and fingers in UL(20%). This is because most of the snake bites occurred when the farmers were working in the field. Vomiting is an early symptom of systemic envenomation. 57 patients in our study had vomiting as predominant GI symptoms. PT, APTT can remain normal or short in DIC. 23 patients had laboratory evidence of DIC. (prolonged PT, APTT).All coagulation defect can be reversed promptly with the administration of ASV. Delay in the administration of ASV will delay the reversal of coagulation defect and is more persistent will be the coagulation defect. The quantity of ASV required to reverse the coagulation defect will also be more.
How to cite this article:
Snehalatha Inturi, Prasad Vemula and G. Ajitha. A Prevalence Study of Snake Bite and their Clinical and Coagulation Profile.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2025.2.227.231
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.36478/makrjms.2025.2.227.231