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Research Journal of Medical Sciences

ISSN: Online 1993-6095
ISSN: Print 1815-9346
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Correlation of Viral Load Suppression and Associated Factors Among HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Ranjana M. Totewad, Amit A. Lomte, Arjun G. Jadhav, Nagesh V. Abdagire, Asha S. Boinwad, Bhausaheb A. Mundhe, S.L. Nilekar and D.M. Kulkarni
Page: 73-77 | Received 19 Sep 2024, Published online: 30 Nov 2024

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https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2025.1.73.77

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Abstract

Viral load suppression is a critical marker of the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV patients. This study aimed to evaluate the rate of viral suppression and its association with demographic, clinical and adherence factors among patients undergoing ART at a tertiary care hospital. This cross‐sectional observational study analyzed 3,364 HIVpositive patients enrolled in ART at a tertiary care hospital. Data on demographics, ART duration, adherence (measured as >90%, 80‐90%, <80%) and CD4 counts were collected. Viral suppression was defined as a viral load of <1,000 copies/mL. Statistical analysis included chi‐square tests for categorical variables and logistic regression to identify predictors of viral suppression. Data were visualized using bar charts and line graphs. Of the 3,364 patients, 95.3% (3,205) achieved viral suppression, while 4.7% (159) remained unsuppressed. Viral suppression was highest (97%) among patients on ART for >12 months. Patients with adherence >90% had a suppression rate of 97%, compared to 35% in those with <80% adherence (p<0.001). Viral suppression was 97% in patients with CD4 counts >500 cells/μL and 65% in those with <200 cells/μL (p<0.001). Male patients constituted 56.5% of the cohort, with 47.9% aged 40‐59 years. The study demonstrates high viral suppression rates, driven by adherence to ART and higher CD4 counts. Sustained adherence and early initiation of ART are critical for achieving optimal outcomes. Targeted interventions for non‐adherent patients and those with advanced disease are recommended to further improve viral suppression rates.

How to cite this article:

Ranjana M. Totewad, Amit A. Lomte, Arjun G. Jadhav, Nagesh V. Abdagire, Asha S. Boinwad, Bhausaheb A. Mundhe, S.L. Nilekar and D.M. Kulkarni. Correlation of Viral Load Suppression and Associated Factors Among HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in a Tertiary Care Hospital.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2025.1.73.77
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.36478/makrjms.2025.1.73.77