Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of preventable childhood blindness. ROP is a Vaso proliferative retinal condition that is the leading cause of vision impairment and blindness in premature new‐borns. To assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to determine the outcome on follow ups. This study was conducted in a tertiary care centre (Birsa munda Govt. Medical College) in shahdol district in Madhya Pradesh. Patients who presented at Shahdol Tertiary Care Centre for ROP screening were assessed in a sequential manner and recruited in this prospective cross‐sectional observational study after receiving informed consent from the subjects' parents, after ethical clearance from the institutional ethical committee. A total of 442 eyes from 221 neonates were screened for Retinopathy of Prematurity, with inclusion criteria of preterm infants between 28 weeks and 36±6 weeks of gestational age, birth weight between 1‐2.5 kg. Subjects with full term gestational age, previously diagnosed or treated patients were excluded from this study. Follow‐up evaluations were performed on a weekly or biweekly basis if needed. 442 eyes of 221 participants were tested for ROP at a tertiary medical centre in Shahdol. The average gestational age was 33.46±2.37 weeks and the birth weight was 1.8±0.49 kilograms. A total of 43 (19.46%) individuals were diagnosed with ROP, with a mean gestational age of 31.4186±2.2597 weeks and a mean birth weight of 1.2816±0.304 grams. In our study we got a statistically significant link between ROP and risk variables, including gestational age (p=0.000), birth weight (p=0.015), respiratory distress (p=0.000) and oxygen therapy (p=0.000). Sex of the individual, mode of birth, sepsis, meconium aspiration and phototherapy all reveal insignificant statistics for developing ROP. ROP being a reversible cause of blindness in children; it is crucial to diagnose ROP at the appropriate time for interventional therapy because it can result in a patient's lifelong disability. Because it is a preventable cause of childhood blindness, we must do routine ROP screening in the targeted group.
How to cite this article:
Pankaj Kataria, Pranda Shukla, Shoaib Arshad and Pankaj Sharma. A Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Tribal Area in Central India.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2024.10.121.125
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.36478/makrjms.2024.10.121.125