TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ecosystem Approach for Sustainable Industrial Hazardous Waste Management in Malaysia
AU - , Ahmad Fariz Mohamed AU - , Muhammad Awang AU - , M. Nasir Hassan AU - , Abu Bakar Jaafar 
JO  - Environmental Research Journal
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
SP  - 306
EP  - 310
PY  - 2008
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1994-5396
DO  - erj.2008.306.310
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=erj.2008.306.310
KW  - Hazardous waste
KW  -recovery
KW  -recovery
KW  -ecosystem
KW  -sustainability
AB  - Manufacturing industries play a vital role for the Malaysian economic growth for the past 4 decades. However, industrial activities generated large amount of hazardous wastes which have detrimental impacts on the environment and the society. In 2002, industries in Malaysia generated about 363,017 metric tons of hazardous waste. The number of factories generating hazardous waste increased from 960 in 1994 to 4,079 in 2002. The current management system for these wastes emphasizes on the end-of-pipe approach which prioritize the use of final treatment and disposal system. This approach has created many problems including illegal disposals and many cases of pollution to the environment. Acknowledging the problems, alternative approach is needed to achieve sustainable industrial hazardous wastes management. One of the possibilities is to use the ecosystem approach. The ecosystem approach promotes integrated and holistic approach in managing industrial hazardous wastes. The approach emphasizes the creation of industrial ecosystem, where resources efficiency is the priority and wastes become important resources. This is in line with the Malaysia policy emphasizing implementation of industrial symbiosis concept for sustainable industrial development.
ER  -