TY  - JOUR
T1  - Retrospective Analysis of Dystocia in Small Ruminants of
North Western Himalayas
AU - Sharma, A. AU - Vasishta, N. AU - Singh, M.M. AU - Kumar, P. 
JO  - Veterinary Research
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
SP  - 9
EP  - 12
PY  - 2014
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1993-5412
DO  - vr.2014.9.12
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=vr.2014.9.12
KW  - females
KW  -caesarean section
KW  -dystocia
KW  -Small ruminants
KW  -lamb
AB  - A brief retrospective analysis of thirty small ruminants reared in north western Himalayas, suffering
from dystocia were evaluated over a period of two years in Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Palampur,
India. The clinical cases of dystocia were categorized into fetal (n = 11) and maternal causes (n = 19). Fetal
causes included faulty maldisposition (n = 5), fetal monster (n = 2) and oversized fetus (n = 4). Similarly,
maternal causes includes incomplete cervical dilatation (n = 8), uterine torsion (n = 2), narrow pelvis (n = 7)
and secondary uterine inertia (n = 2). Thirteen animals were relieved from dystocia by gentle traction and rest
seventeen animals were subjected to caesarean section by lower left flank laparohysterotomy. All does except
three, had an uneventful recovery. Only 21.62% (n = 8) live kid/lamb were delivered by traction or caesarean
section procedures adopted. In our study major causes of dystocia due to fetal and maternal origin were faulty
maldisposition (45.45%) and incomplete cervical dilatation (42.10%). The 60% (18/30) of dystocia were
present in yearling or primiparous females.
ER  -