TY  - JOUR
T1  - Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Dogs: Epidemiology and Presence of Systemic Diseases
AU - Kamran, C. Ansar AU - Yathiraj, S. AU - CyrusParambeth, Joseph 
JO  - Research Journal of Animal Sciences
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
SP  - 53
EP  - 58
PY  - 2013
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1993-5269
DO  - rjnasci.2013.53.58
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=rjnasci.2013.53.58
KW  - physical examination
KW  -epidemiology
KW  -gastrointestinal manifestations
KW  -Canine
KW  -mongrels
AB  - Chronic gastrointestinal disorders are difficult to manage 
  because of the vagueness in clinical signs, history and limitations of the diagnostic 
  procedures and the multiplicity of possible causes. They are also among the 
  most common presentations in general practice. This study explored the epidemiology 
  of gastrointestinal manifestations in dogs and ascertained by a separate prospective 
  study if these gastrointestinal manifestations were due to primary gastrointestinal 
  disease processes. Medical records of dogs presented to the Bangalore Veterinary 
  College (January to December 2008) were analyzed retrospectively. A prospective 
  study included 81 dogs who were presented with gastrointestinal manifestations 
  and were worked up to arrive at a diagnosis which was further classified as 
  a primary gastrointestinal disease or a systemic disease. The overall prevalence 
  of gastrointestinal manifestations was 20.45%. Among the 1746 dogs presented 
  with gastrointestinal manifestations, mongrels (26.35%), age groups between 
  1-4 years (23.60%) and males (55.04%) predominated. Most common manifestations 
  were vomiting (55.7%), diarrhoea (29.2%) and anorexia (26.9%). Of these 81 dogs, 
  54.32% had systemic diseases not related to the gastrointestinal tract based 
  on laboratory investigations (hematology, biochemistry, urinanalysis and fecal 
  assessment), physical examination and other diagnostics procedures. Gastrointestinal 
  signs warrant a thorough diagnostic research up in canines.
ER  -