TY  - JOUR
T1  - Scouring Around Impermeable Curved Groynes
AU - Khassaf, Saleh I. AU - Abbas, Hiba A. 
JO  - Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
VL  - 14
IS  - 15
SP  - 5241
EP  - 5249
PY  - 2019
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1816-949x
DO  - jeasci.2019.5241.5249
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeasci.2019.5241.5249
KW  - Local scouring
KW  -C-shape groynes
KW  -clear water conditions
KW  -maximum scour depth
KW  -bank erosion
KW  -I-shape groynes
AB  - Groynes are ban impressive engineered methods that used to diverge the flow away from the banks
to protect them from erosion, control the flood situations, improve the navigation and also decrease rivers
dredging costs, since, their presence will regulate and increase the sediments transport rate through the river
reach at the groynes location. In spite of the many advantages for construction the groynes but their presence
lead to develop the local scour phenomena which in time cause a structural failure to the groynes body. This
issue presents a need to find solutions that have the ability to lessen the scour process along with maintaining
all the above benefits of the groynes. The present study introduced a creative solution which is using groynes
having a C-shape that have the ability to reduce the scour around themselves through smoothing the water
streamlines paths as much as possible to cause little disturbance and hence, less scour. Also the C-shape
groynes are compared with the I-shape groynes. The number of groynes is studied also as a countermeasure
for more reducing to the local scour phenomena. The study was performed through a laboratory flume with bed
material having a median size (d<sub>50</sub>) equal to (0.7 mm). A polystyrene foam material was used to manufacture the physical models where they investigated under clear water conditions and steady subcritical flow. The results
showed that using the C-shape groynes instead of the I-shape groynes for the same hydraulic conditions will
reduce the maximum local scour depth with a great percentage. Based on the experimental data, an empirical
formula that give good agreement between the observed results experimentally and the predicted ones from it
were derived.
ER  -