TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biotransformation of Fruti-Horticultural Agro-Industrial Residues Using
Efficient Microorganisms (EM) in Riobamba (Ecuador)
AU - O. Merino, Clemencia AU - Bayas-Morejon, I.F. AU - Changoluisa, M. AU - Lema, Maria P. AU - Gomez, Cecilia AU - Verdezoto, L. AU - Moreno, I. AU - C. Merino, Myriam AU - A. Tigre, Rosa AU - Donato, Washington 
JO  - Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
VL  - 14
IS  - 8
SP  - 2504
EP  - 2512
PY  - 2019
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1816-949x
DO  - jeasci.2019.2504.2512
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeasci.2019.2504.2512
KW  - EM-A
KW  -EM-1
KW  -biotransformation
KW  -fertilizer
KW  -agroindustrial waste
KW  -substrate
KW  -aerobic fermentation
AB  - The search for biotechnological alternatives for the use of organic waste in the horticultural process
is a current problem. In this investigation, the biotransformation of tomato peels (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.),
naranjilla (<i>Solanum quitoense</i>), tamarind (Tamarindus indica), potatoes (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) and cauliflower
(<i>Brassica oleracea</i> L.) was evaluated. Residues, subjected to aerobic fermentation with Effective
Microorganisms (EM): photosynthetic bacteria (<i>Rhodopseudomonas</i> spp.,), lactic acid bacteria (<i>Lactobacillus</i>
spp.,) (EM-1) and yeast (<i>Saccharomyces</i> spp.,). Two percentages of EM-A and three doses of agro-industrial
wastes were used to produce biofertilizer in this the pH (3.9) and the carbon/nitrogen ratio were determined they
were placed with in the regulations. The biofertilizer yield was 2.94 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. A physical-chemical analysis was
carried out on the bio-fertilizer, evaluating the sensory indicators: color, smell and texture, the most outstanding
physicochemical characteristics were presented in the T6 treatment (A3B2) which corresponds to 40% fruit
waste plus 40% of vegetables plus 20% of substrate to 10% of EM-A. The chemical analysis of the best
treatment was T2 (80% of fruit waste plus 20% of substrate to 10% of EM-A) with concentrations of macro and
micro elements of N: 24600; K: 15800; Ca: 12800; Mg: 4300; P: 3900; Faith: 3300; Mn: 92.39; Zn: 69.05; Cu: 27.99;
B: 15.55; Mo: 0.96 mg/kg, acceptable ranges according to current regulations including the microbial population.
Finally, the cost/benefit analysis of 0.454 kg of biofertilizer at 1.25 was established with a profit of 0.30 cents.
ER  -