TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ethanol from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch via Dilute-Acid Hydrolysis and Fermentation by <I>Mucor indicus</I> and <I>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</I>
AU - Millati, Ria AU - Wikandari, Rachma AU - Trihandayani, Elisabeth Titik AU - Cahyanto, Muhammad Nur AU - Taherzadeh, Mohammad J. AU - Niklasson, Claes 
JO  - Agricultural Journal
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
SP  - 54
EP  - 59
PY  - 2011
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1816-9155
DO  - aj.2011.54.59
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=aj.2011.54.59
KW  - Oil palm empty fruit bunch
KW  -acid hydrolysis
KW  -ethanol
KW  -Saccharomyces cerevisiae
KW  -Mucor indicus
AB  - Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) was hydrolyzed in a one-stage hydrolysis using dilute-sulfuric acid (0.2, 0.8%) at 170-230&deg;C with a holding time of 5 and 15 min. The maximum yield of xylose was 135.94 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP> OPEFB, obtained at 0.8% acid, 190&deg;C and 5 min. The maximum yield of glucose was 62.70 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP> OPEFB, obtained at 0.8% acid, 210&deg;C and 5 min. Based on these results, two-stage hydrolysis was performed to produce hydrolyzates for the fermentation process. Hydrolyzate from the first stage was fermented by <I>Mucor indicus</I> while the hydrolyzate from the second stage was fermented by <I>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</I>. The corresponding ethanol yields were 0.45 and 0.46 g ethanol g<SUP>-1</SUP> sugar consumed.
ER  -