TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of the Rate of Calcination During Cement Production
AU - Kamalu, C.I.O. AU - Osoka, E.C. 
JO  - Agricultural Journal
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
SP  - 186
EP  - 189
PY  - 2010
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1816-9155
DO  - aj.2010.186.189
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=aj.2010.186.189
KW  - Calcination
KW  -cement
KW  -rate
KW  -decomposition
KW  -limestone
KW  -clinker
KW  -calcium carbonate
AB  - Rate data were collected for calcinations during cement production for 4 years at the same time intervals. The amount of CaCO<SUB>3</SUB> consumed in tons was plotted against time in minutes. The plots gave good numerical fit (R<SUP>2</SUP>&gt;0.99) for all the model equations studied but the parameter estimates for K, C<SUB>AO </SUB>and n varied widely (&gt;5%) for all rate equations except the rate equation for zero order reaction which has an average rate constant of 1.41275 tons min<SUP>-1</SUP> and an average percentage deviation of 3%. Calcination is a zero order reaction based on the equation, C<SUB>AO</SUB>-C<SUB>A</SUB> = Kt with an average reaction rate constant of 1.41275 tons min<SUP>-1</SUP>. This rate model will serve as a basis for the design of rotary kiln for calcinations processes. The model equation obtained from this research may also be used to simulate and optimize processes for cement production.
ER  -