TY  - JOUR
T1  - Malaria Transmission Risk Indices of Three <I>Anopheles</I> Species in Selected Rural Communities in Oyo State South-Western Nigeria
AU - Oduola, A.O. AU - , T.S. Awolola AU - , I.O. Oyewol AU - , J.B. Olojede AU - , O.A. Otubanjo 
JO  - International Journal of Tropical Medicine
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
SP  - 42
EP  - 48
PY  - 2012
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1816-3319
DO  - ijtmed.2012.42.48
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=ijtmed.2012.42.48
KW  - vectors
KW  -malaria
KW  -Anopheles species
KW  -transmission risk indices
KW  -rural communities
KW  -Nigeria
AB  - An entomological survey was carried out in selected rural communities in Oyo State Nigeria where entomological baseline data required for implementation and evaluation of vector control interventions is lacking. A total of 6806 Anopheles mosquitoes were collected in six rural communities out of which 10 <I>Anopheles</I> species were identified. <I>An. gambiae</I>, <I>An. funestus</I> and <I>An. coustani</I> were the only vector species that occurred in all the communities. Only two species: <I>An. gambiae</I> 2596 (38.1%) and<I> An. funestus</I> 3785 (55.6%) were found to be predominant. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis showed that <I>An. gambiae </I>s.s and <I>An. arabiensis</I> occurred in sympatry in all the communities while <I>An. funestus</I> s.s and <I>An. leesoni</I> occurred together in Oko Agric and Idi Ose. Cicumsporozoite (CSP) infection status of each Anopheles mosquitoes determined by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) showed that the <I>Plasmodium falciparum</I> sporozoite infection rates of <I>An. gambiae</I> s.s varied between 1.9 and 3.1% in the study communities as compared to 1.5 and 4.5% in <I>An. funestus</I>. Only one sample of <I>An. arabiensis</I> from Akufo community tested positive to the <I>P. falciparun </I>CSP antigen, all the other samples including <I>An. leesoni</I> tested negative to either <I>P. falciparum </I>or<I> P. malariae</I>. The annual EIR in Akufo, Ikere and Idi Ose were 139, 153 and 110 infective bites/ person/year, respectively with <I>An. gambiae</I> s.s contributing a higher overall transmission potentials when compared with <I>An. funestus</I> and <I>An. arabiensis</I>. This result shows the abundance of malaria vector species and their potential role in malaria transmission in rural communities.
ER  -