TY - JOUR T1 - Astigmatism in Cataract Surgery Patientd: Sics vs Phacoemulsification AU - Das, Amitabha AU - Mukherjee, Sampurna AU - Kundu, Arunava JO - Research Journal of Medical Sciences VL - 18 IS - 11 SP - 863 EP - 868 PY - 2024 DA - 2001/08/19 SN - 1815-9346 DO - makrjms.2024.11.863.868 UR - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=makrjms.2024.11.863.868 KW - Astigmatism KW - cataract surgery KW - phacoemulsification KW - small incision cataract surgery KW - surgically induced astigmatism KW - visual outcomes AB -

Astigmatism remains an important determinant of uncorrected visual acuity following cataract surgery. This study compares surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) and visual outcomes in patients undergoing small incision cataract surgery (SICS) versus phacoemulsification (Phaco). A prospective comparative study was conducted on 80 patients with senile cataract, randomly allocated into two equal groups: SICS (n=40) and Phaco (n=40). Demographic details, preoperative axial length, keratometry (K1 and K2), and corneal astigmatism were recorded. Postoperative assessments at six weeks included keratometry, corneal astigmatism, surgically induced astigmatism (calculated by vector analysis), and uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA, logMAR). Statistical analysis was performed to compare outcomes between groups. The mean age was comparable between SICS (63.4 ± 6.2 years) and Phaco (62.7 ± 5.9 years) groups (P=0.61). Preoperative mean corneal astigmatism was similar (1.11 ± 0.35 D vs. 1.08 ± 0.32 D; P=0.72). At six weeks, mean postoperative astigmatism was significantly higher in the SICS group (1.68 ± 0.42 D) compared to the Phaco group (0.88 ± 0.29 D; P<0.001). Mean SIA was also greater in the SICS group (0.61 ± 0.25 D) than in the Phaco group (0.21 ± 0.18 D; P<0.001). Postoperative UCVA was significantly better in the Phaco group (0.21 ± 0.08 logMAR) than the SICS group (0.32 ± 0.10 logMAR; P<0.001). A higher proportion of Phaco patients achieved UCVA = 6/9 (85% vs. 65%; P=0.04). The mean postoperative K2 was significantly higher in the SICS group (44.93 ± 1.28 D) compared to the Phaco group (44.38 ± 1.20 D; P=0.02). Phacoemulsification was associated with significantly lower surgically induced astigmatism and better early postoperative uncorrected visual acuity compared to SICS. These findings support the preference for Phaco, particularly in patients desiring rapid visual rehabilitation and minimal postoperative astigmatism.

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