TY - JOUR T1 - Risk Factors Contributing to Facial Melanosis in Women‐Insights from a Case Control Study AU - Parvathi, P.A. AU - Pravin, A.J.S. AU - Jaffer, Azeem AU - Simon, J. JO - Research Journal of Medical Sciences VL - 18 IS - 10 SP - 625 EP - 628 PY - 2024 DA - 2001/08/19 SN - 1815-9346 DO - makrjms.2024.10.625.628 UR - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=makrjms.2024.10.625.628 KW - Facial melanosis KW - risk factors KW - women KW - sun exposure KW - skinlightening products KW - hormonal imbalance AB -

Facial melanosis, commonly known as hyper pigmentation or melasma, is a prevalent skin condition affecting women, particularly in urban populations. The etiology is multi factorial, involving genetic, environmental and hormonal factors. However, specific risk factors contributing to facial melanosis in women remain inadequately understood. This case‐control study aimed to evaluate these risk factors in a sample of women with facial melanosis. A case‐control study was conducted with 50 women, divided equally into cases (n=25) with facial melanosis and controls (n=25) without. Data were collected through structured interviews and clinical examination. Socio‐demographic, lifestyle, hormonal and environmental factors were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi‐square tests for categorical variables and t‐tests for continuous data. The study revealed significant associations between facial melanosis and prolonged sun exposure (88% vs. 40%, p=0.001), use of skin‐lightening products (68% vs. 28%, p=0.004), and hormonal imbalance (44% vs. 16%, p=0.032) in cases compared to controls. Additionally, the use of oral contraceptives was more frequent among cases (56% vs. 24%, p=0.028). No significant difference was found in smoking history between cases and controls (p=0.180). This study suggests that environmental factors such as sun exposure, use of skin‐lightening products and hormonal influences play a significant role in the development of facial melanosis in women. These findings highlight the need for targeted prevention strategies, including sun protection and regulation of cosmetic use.

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