TY  - JOUR
T1  - Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin Regulating Calcium Levels
AU - Blundell, Renald AU - Galea, Stephanie 
JO  - Research Journal of Biological Sciences
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
SP  - 183
EP  - 186
PY  - 2011
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1815-8846
DO  - rjbsci.2011.183.186
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=rjbsci.2011.183.186
KW  - Calcium
KW  -parathyroid hormone
KW  -calcitonin
KW  -bone
KW  -vitamin D and phosphate
KW  -Malta
AB  - Maintaining normal calcium levels within the body (8.5-10 
  mg dL<SUP>-1</SUP>) requires the action of two hormones in particular: Parathyroid 
  Hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (<a href="http://www.bloodbook.com/ranges.html" target="_blank">http://www.bloodbook.com/ranges.html</a>). 
  In lower calcium levels, PTH is released and works in such a way as to increase 
  the calcium back to the normal range. Calcitonin acts exactly in the inverse 
  way by targeting osteoclasts and osteoblasts. A somewhat constant amount of 
  calcium is lost from the body through fecal excretion. In the gut, absorption 
  and secretion of calcium and phosphate occurs, depending on the free ionized 
  calcium in the extracellular fluid. The amount of calcium in the extracellular 
  fluid also influences excretion of calcium in the renal system. The largest 
  pool of calcium is found in bone which is essential in calcium homeostasis. 
  This is because through bone remodelling, calcium may be taken up from the extracellular 
  fluid or given up to the extracellular fluid depending on the presence of hormones 
  in a process known as osteolytic osteolysis. The processes mentioned before 
  are mediated through PTH, calcitonin and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.
ER  -