TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Survey and Comparison of Team Cohesion, Role Ambiguity, Athletic Performance and Hardiness in Elite and non Elite Football Players
AU - Rezae, Akbar AU - Ghaffari, Mozaffar AU - Zolfalifam, Jafar 
JO  - Research Journal of Biological Sciences
VL  - 4
IS  - 9
SP  - 1010
EP  - 1015
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1815-8846
DO  - rjbsci.2009.1010.1015
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=rjbsci.2009.1010.1015
KW  - Team cohesion
KW  -role ambiguity
KW  -hardiness
KW  -athletic performance
KW  -elite football players
KW  -non-elite football players
AB  - The aim of this study is to review and compare team cohesion, role ambiguity, athletic performance and hardiness in elite and non-elite football players. Statistical sample includes 140 randomly chosen Iranian elite and non-elite football players in 2009. Data collection tools include scale of team cohesion, role ambiguity, hardiness and functioning checklist of players. The results of the research showed that there is a positive and meaningful relation between athletic performance and team cohesion (r = 0.366) and hardiness (r = 0.426), but it has a negative and meaningful relation with role ambiguity (r = 0.274). There is positive relation between team cohesion and hardiness (r = 0.543) and negative and meaningful relation with role ambiguity (r = 0.577) and the relation between hardiness and role ambiguity (r = 0.592) proved to be negative and meaningful. Also, the results showed that in champion and non-champion players, the variables of team cohesion, hardiness, role ambiguity and athletic performance are meaningfully different (p = 0.05). That is the mean score of team cohesion, hardiness, performance in champions are higher than non-champion athletes but role ambiguity is lower in champions.
ER  -