TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Glucosamine on the Development and Related Gene Expression of Buffalo (<I>Bubalus bubalis</I>) Embryos
AU - Shi, Deshun AU - Li, Nan AU - Lu, Fenghua AU - Zhu, Peng AU - Liu, Qingyou AU - Jiang, Jiangrong 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
SP  - 394
EP  - 401
PY  - 2013
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2013.394.401
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2013.394.401
KW  - O-linked B-N-acetylglucosamine glycosylation
KW  -glucosamine
KW  -embryos
KW  -gene expression
KW  -buffalo
AB  - O-linked &#946;-N-Acetylglucosamine Glycosylation (O-GlcNAc) is one of the main types of glycosylation in mammalian cells while Glucosamine (GlcN) is an O-GlcNAc substrate. Thus, effects of GlcN on the embryonic development, level of O-GlcNAc and related gene expression of buffalo embryos were examined in this study. Buffalo zygotes derived from <I>In Vitro</I> Fertilization (IVF) were randomly allocated into culture in the medium supplemented with different concentration of GlcN (0, 1, 2 and 4 mM) during the different culture period (0-72, 72-172 and 0-172 h). When GlcN was added to the medium in the culture period of 0-72 h after IVF, addition of 2 mM GlcN resulted in more zygotes developing to blastocysts (26.1%) in comparison with control (14.3%), 1 mM (13.6%) and 4 mM (11.3%) groups (p&lt;0.05). However, the blastocyst yield decreased gradually when GlcN was added to the medium during 72-172 h of culture and decreased significantly when the concentration of GlcN was arrived at 4 mM (3.1 vs. 14.2%, p&lt;0.05). When GlcN was added to the medium in the whole culture period (0-172 h) there were no significant difference in either cleavage rate or blastocyst yield among the four groups (p&gt;0.05). Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that addition of 2 mM GlcN to medium from 0-72 h after IVF resulted in a significant increase (p&lt;0.05) in the O-GlcNAc level of embryos at 2, 4, 8 cells and morula stage with the exception of blastocysts. QRT-PCR revealed that culture of zygotes with 2 mM GlcN in the culture period of 0-72 h after IVF resulted in a significant increase (p&lt;0.05) in the expression of O-GlcNAc transferase gene in the embryos at the 2, 4, 8 cells and morula stage and did not affect the expression of O-GlcNAc-selective N-acetyl &#946;-D-<I>glucosaminidase</I> gene. These results indicate that appropriate concentration of GlcN can improve the development of buffalo embryos and this action is stage dependent and mediated by O-GlcNAc transferase gene.
ER  -