TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Addition of Three Plant Extracts on Gas Production, Ruminal Fermentation, 
  Methane Production and Ruminal Digestibility Based on an <i>in vitro</i> Technique
AU - Meng, Qingxiang AU - Zhou, Zhenming AU - Ren, Liping AU - Wei, Manlin 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 11
IS  - 23
SP  - 4304
EP  - 4309
PY  - 2012
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2012.4304.4309
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2012.4304.4309
KW  - ruminal digestibility
KW  -methane production
KW  -mulberry leaf extract
KW  -Tea saponin
KW  -ecdysterone
KW  -gas production
KW  -ruminal fermentation
AB  - A study was conducted to investigate the effect of addition 
  of three plant extracts on <I>in vitro</I> gas production, ruminal fermentation, 
  methane production and ruminal digestibility. Three plant extracts including 
  Tea Saponin (TS), Mulberry Leaf Extract (MLE) and Ecdysterone (ECD) were added 
  to the substrate at 1.6, 1.25 and 0.2 mg g<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. When 
  plant extracts were added all the plant extracts showed a similar pattern of 
  Gas Production (GP). Compared with Control (CON), MLE and ECD had numerically 
  higher GP at all time points of incubation but TS showed higher GP only at 1st 
  28 h incubation and then decreased afterwards. Shorter lag time and faster rate 
  of gas production were observed for TS than ECD, MLE and CON, although the difference 
  was not significant (p&gt;0.05). No matter what time points were taken, each 
  of plant extracts did not exhibit significant changes in methane production 
  and proportion (p&gt;0.10). Compared with CON, the addition of plant extracts 
  did not change <I>in vitro</I> ruminal pH , ammonia concentrations, total VFA 
  (p&gt;0.05) and the ratio of acetate to propionate (p&gt;0.10) but decreased 
  molar proportions of both butyrate and minor acid (including valerate, isobutyrate 
  and isovalerate) (p&lt;0.05), Digestibilities of DM (IDDM) and OM (IDOM) were 
  38.0 and 35.3%, 41.3 and 44.9%, 39.1 and 38.0% and 41.3 and 37.2% for CON, TS, 
  MLE and ECD, respectively. Although, plant extracts of TS, MLE and ECD did not 
  significantly (p&gt;0.05) change the IDDM relative to CON, TS had higher IDOM 
  than CON (p&lt;0.05). It is concluded that tea saponin showed a potential value 
  as a plant extract feed additive used by ruminant animals. Further study is 
  needed to provide more information about animal performance responses to the 
  addition of plant extracts to the diets of ruminants.
ER  -