TY  - JOUR
T1  - Emerging Immunohistochemical Evidence for Direct Peripheral Control of Endocannabinoids on the Gastrointestinal Tract and Pancreas of Obese (fa/fa) and Lean Zucker Rats (Pathophysiological Implications)
AU - Carini, F. AU - Tessitore, V. AU - Bonaventura, G. AU - Cucco, D. AU - Spatola, G.F. AU - Uzzo, M.L. 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 11
IS  - 22
SP  - 4269
EP  - 4278
PY  - 2012
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2012.4269.4278
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2012.4269.4278
KW  - Endocannabinoids
KW  -food intake
KW  -body weight
KW  -energy balance
KW  -CB1 receptor
KW  -GEP System
AB  - This research has the objective to investigate immunohistochemical 
  expression of CB1 receptor and its probable changes in Gastroenteropancreatic 
  system (GEP) of obese and lean Zucker rats and understand the endocannabinoid 
  pathophysiological implications in the obesity. Male obese (fa/fa) and lean 
  Zucker rats 6 weeks old were obtained from Harlan Italy Srl; the rats were sacrificed 
  at 8, 12 and 16 weeks old. Normal rats also were sacrificed. Specimens of stomach, 
  jejunum-ileum and pancreas were fixed in Bouin’s 
  mixture and embedded in paraffin; obtained sections were processed with anti-CB1 
  (Biosource Europe SA) by Streptavidin-Biotin-Complex Method. The findings show 
  that CB1 receptor is expressed not only in enteric neurons as documented by 
  earlier studies up to now but more widely and with stronger intensity in obese 
  animals compared with their lean counterparts by several structures of gastrointestinal 
  tract (epithelium, glands, endocrine cells and immune cells of villi stroma). 
  In obese Zucker rats pancreas unlike the normal rats where the CB1 receptor 
  is essentially expressed by A-cells, the CB1 immunoreactivity even extends with 
  higher intensity to B-cells. It is concluded that GEP System represents a new 
  and wide peripheral target of EC action that have a direct autocrine, endocrine-paracrine 
  and neurocrine control on many functions of GEP. In addition in GEP of obese 
  Zucker rats in comparison with lean ones, the CB1 receptor is overexpressed 
  and consequently the peripheral endocannabinoid system is upregulated and negatively 
  modulated by leptin. It may contribute to increase hyperphagia, body weight 
  and hyperglycaemia.
ER  -