TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Cellulolytic Bacterial Population of Swamp Buffaloes as Affected By Roughage to Concentrate Ratio
AU - Pilajun, Ruangyote AU - Khejornsart, Pichad AU - Kongmun, Phongthorn AU - Wanapat, Metha AU - Cherdthong, Anusorn 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 9
IS  - 11
SP  - 1667
EP  - 1675
PY  - 2010
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2010.1667.1675
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2010.1667.1675
KW  - cellulolytic bacteria
KW  -roughage to concentrate ratio
KW  -digestibility
KW  -rumen fermentation
KW  -Swamp buffalo
KW  -real-time PCR technique
AB  - Four rumen-fistulated, male swamp buffalo were randomly assigned according to a 4x4 Latin square design to evaluate the effect of the urea-treated rice straw to concentrate ratio (R:C) on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibilities, microbial protein synthesis and cellulolytic bacterial population. Animals were fed R:C of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75, respectively. Results showed that digestibility of nutrients were significantly affected by R:C especially those of OM and fiber. However, digestibility of CP, ruminal NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N and plasma urea N were similar among treatments (p&gt;0.05) whereas ruminal pH was decreased significantly (p&lt;0.01) when concentrate ratio was increased. Total VFA concentrations and C3 were significantly different among treatments and were greatest at 50:50 of R:C supplementation (p&lt;0.01). Total viable bacteria, proteolytic bacteria and bacteria cell count were not altered among treatments (p&gt;0.05) whereas amylolytic bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria and fungal zoospore were significantly different (p&lt;0.01), responding to a change in proportion of R:C. Moreover, using of real-time PCR technique provided that feeding of a 100% roughage remarkably increased these three cellulolytic bacteria numbers up to 3.54x10<SUP>9 </SUP>copies mL<SUP>-1</SUP> for <I>F. succinogenes</I>, 7.38x10<SUP>7</SUP> copies mL<SUP>-1</SUP> for <I>R. Flavefaciens</I> and 5.80x10<SUP>6</SUP> copies mL<SUP>-1</SUP> for <I>R. albus</I> in rumen digesta, respectively. It is most notable that <I>F. succinogenes</I> were the highest in population in the rumen of swamp buffalo. In addition, efficiency of rumen microbial N synthesis were enriched by R:C supplementation, especially at the ratio of 50:50 (p&lt;0.05). Based on this study, it could be concluded that supplementation of R:C at 50:50 improved digestibilities of nutrients, ruminal ecology and microbial protein synthesis efficiency.
ER  -