TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bacterial Examinations in the Nasal Cavity of Apparently Healthy and Unhealthy Holstein Cattle
AU - Seker, Esra AU - Kuyucuoglu, Yahya AU - Konak, Selahattin 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 8
IS  - 11
SP  - 2355
EP  - 2359
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2009.2355.2359
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2009.2355.2359
KW  - Nasal cavity
KW  -cattle
KW  -P. multocida
KW  -M. haemolytica
KW  -antibiotic susceptibility test
AB  - The aim of this study was to examine the bacterial flora of nasal cavity in apparently healthy and unhealthy Holstein cattle and determine the antimicrobial susceptibilities of <I>Pasteurella multocida</I> and <I>Mannheimia haemolytica</I> strains isolated from samples. Nasal swab samples were collected from 100 Holstein cattle, 70 of these were apparently healthy and 30 were unhealthy with the following respiratory signs: nasal discharge, coughing and dyspnoea. A total of 220 bacterial isolates were detected on Columbia blood agar plates, 102 (46.4%) of these were recovered from healthy and 118 (53.6%) from unhealthy Holstein cattle. The most frequently isolated species from the nasal cavity of the healthy animals sampled were <I>Staphylococcus epidermidis</I> (32.9%) and <I>S. aureus</I> (24.3%), while the most prevalent species in unhealthy cattle were <I>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</I> (40.0%), <I>P. multocida</I> (40.0%) and <I>M. haemolytica</I> (100.0%). According to antibiotic susceptibility test results, enrofloxacin (95.0%) was the most effective antibiotic on <I>P. multocida</I> isolates, while 95.0% of <I>M. haemolytica</I> isolates were susceptible to gentamicin. Among the <I>P. multocida</I> isolates the highest resistance was found against to kanamycin (70.0%), while erythromycin resistance were detected as 90.0% for <I>M. haemolytica</I> isolates.
ER  -