TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Survey of Teat End Hyperkeratosis Prevalence in the Tabriz Dairy Herds
AU - , H. Hamali AU - , S. Mosafery AU - , A. Mohammadi 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 7
IS  - 8
SP  - 949
EP  - 952
PY  - 2008
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2008.949.952
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2008.949.952
KW  - Hyperkeratosis
KW  -holstein
KW  -milking
KW  -cow
KW  -teat
AB  - Teat end hyperkeratosis is a very important problem which affects cows in the farms of Iran and many other countries. This disease mainly caused by the over milking and defects in the milking machine. In a survey focusing on the 4 large dairy Holstein herds at around of Tabriz (north-west of Iran), prevalence of teat end hyperkeratosis, was evaluated. In the herds of A (n = 300) and B (n = 160), cows were milked 3 times/day. In the herds of C (n = 162) and D (n = 190) cows were milked 2 times/day. Prevalence of the teat end hyperkeratosis in the herds of A and B were recorded as 63.38%. In the herds of B and C this prevalence was 24.86%. Also, according to the Wilson`s grading schedule the grades of 2 and 3 of hyperkeratosis more prevalent between the cows with 3 times milking/day, than cows with 2 times milking/day. Statistical analyses indicated significant differences between the herds of A and B (3 times milking/day) and herds of C and D (2 times milking/day). In conclusion, according to our results, significant relationship exists between the cow`s teat end hyperkeratosis and milking frequency/day.
ER  -