@article{MAKHILLRJDS20126227787,
    title = {Levels of Prostaglandins and Angiotensin in Retained Placenta of Cattle},
    journal = {Research Journal of Dairy Sciences},
    volume = {6},
    number = {2},
    pages = {15-18},
    year = {2012},
    issn = {1993-5277},
    doi = {rjdsci.2012.15.18},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1993-5277&doi=rjdsci.2012.15.18},
    author = {Guojun,Banghui,Rongxin and},
    keywords = {Placenta retention,cattle,fetal membrane,prostaglandins,angiotensin,China},
    abstract = {The aim of this study is to explore the endocrine mechanisms of placenta retention. 
  Endocrine factors play a role in the manifestation of placenta retention in 
  dairy cows. Prostaglandin E causes relaxation of smooth muscle in the non-pregnant 
  uterus and uterus placenta angiotensin can regulate placenta prolactin release, 
  regulate steroid and prostaglandin synthesis, modulate placenta blood pressure, 
  stimulate uterine smooth muscle contraction. To investigate the relationship 
  between placenta retention and placental prostaglandins and angiotensin, 10 
  cows did not release the fetal membranes within 12 h after parturition and served 
  as the retained placenta group and 10 cows in that group which released their 
  fetal membranes within 12 h, served as the health group. Levels of these endocrine 
  factors in retained placenta were measured with ELISA and compared with those 
  in normal placentas. Results showed that retained placenta had significantly 
  lower levels of prostaglandins and angiotensin II (p<0.01). This observation 
  suggests that the lower levels of Prostaglandins (PGE<sub>2</sub>) and angiotensin 
  II may participate in the development of placenta retention.}
    }