@article{MAKHILLJFI20138121689,
    title = {Effects of Dietary Vitamin D<SUB>3</SUB> on <I>MHC-II-&#946;</I> Gene Expression 
  in Immune Tissues of <I>Monopterus albus</I>},
    journal = {Journal of Fisheries International},
    volume = {8},
    number = {1},
    pages = {1-6},
    year = {2013},
    issn = {1817-3381},
    doi = {jfish.2013.1.6},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1817-3381&doi=jfish.2013.1.6},
    author = {Xue-Wei,De-Bing,Chao,Shan-Shan,Gong-Wei,Yong and},
    keywords = {Monopterus albus,vitamin D3,MHC-II-B gene,head kidney,tissues},
    abstract = {To investigate the effects of dietary Vitamin D<SUB>3</SUB> 
  (VD<SUB>3</SUB>) on <I>MHC-II-&#946;</I> gene expression in <I>Monopterus albus</I> 
  (<I>M. albus</I>). A total of 540 healthy <I>M. albus</I> (weight, 21.7&plusmn;2.1 
  g) were randomly assigned to six groups (3 replicates per group, 30 <I>M. albus</I> 
  per replicate) and fed with dietary VD<SUB>3</SUB> at various concentrations 
  (0 (control), 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 4,000 IU kg<SUP>-1</SUP>). After 20, 
  40 and 60 days of feeding, researchers randomly selected six <I>M. albus</I> 
  from each group and collected tissues (hepatopancreas, spleen, head kidney and 
  hindgut) for detection of <I>MHC-II-&#946;</I> gene expression using real-time 
  quantitative PCR. MHC-II-&#946; was expressed in four tissues with expression 
  in the head kidney significantly higher (p&lt;0.01) than that in the spleen, 
  hindgut and hepatopancreas. At 20 days, the highest MHC-II-&#946; expression 
  was detected in the 4,000 IU kg<SUP>-1</SUP> group in the head kidney and in 
  the 2,000 IU kg<SUP>-1</SUP> group in the spleen, both of which were significantly 
  higher than that of the other groups (p&lt;0.05). At 40 days, the 1000 IU kg<SUP>-1</SUP> 
  group showed the highest MHC-II-&#946; expression in the head kidney, hindgut 
  and hepatopancreas. At 60 days, the 500 IU kg<SUP>-1</SUP> group showed the 
  highest MHC-II-&#946; expression in the head kidney and spleen and was significant 
  higher than that of the control (p&lt;0.05) while the 4,000 IU kg<SUP>-1</SUP> 
  group showed significantly lower MHC-II-&#946; expression compared to the control 
  (p&lt;0.05). Relative to the MHC-II-&#946; expression in the head kidney, the 
  results demonstrate that short-term (20 days) and high dose dietary provision 
  of VD<SUB>3 </SUB>(4,000 IU kg<SUP>-1</SUP>) significantly increased MHC-II-&#946; 
  expression in <I>M. albus</I> immune organs. However, the highest MHC-II-&#946; 
  expression was observed with long-term (60 days) dietary provision of VD<SUB>3</SUB> 
  at a dose of 500 IU kg<SUP>-1</SUP>.}
    }