@article{MAKHILLIJSC201914621470,
    title = {Africa’s Encounter with the Arabs and the West: A Retrospection},
    journal = {International Journal of Soft Computing},
    volume = {14},
    number = {6},
    pages = {105-113},
    year = {2019},
    issn = {1816-9503},
    doi = {ijscomp.2019.105.113},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-9503&doi=ijscomp.2019.105.113},
    author = {Oluwatobi,Tomilola and},
    keywords = {Africa,encounters,Arab world,the West,realism},
    abstract = {For a number of reasons, states have come in
contact with one another, both regionally and globally.
The African encounters with both the West and Arab
world in particular can be traced to the slave trade era.
Both encounters ended up in certain fundamental
trajectories (positive and negative) that continue to
underlie Africa’s existence and international development.
The western encounter for example, ended up in the
scramble for African countries and eventual colonization
and artificial creation of boundaries and states. Using
library research method, the paper presents its argument
in a historical and explanatory perspective as it seeks to
provide a critical analogy of these encounters and how it
has brought about development or underdevelopment for
the continent, with a view of identifying adequate (realist)
measures that can be adopted by the continent to
maximize relationship with the outside world. This has
also informed the recommendations and conclusion that
follows.}
    }