@article{MAKHILLJEAS202116119512,
    title = {Evaluation of the Performance of Buton Rock Asphalt-a Local Non-Petroleum Bitumen and
Plastic Waste Mixture as a Sustainable Asphalt Concrete Mix in Tropical Region},
    journal = {Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
    volume = {16},
    number = {1},
    pages = {34-41},
    year = {2021},
    issn = {1816-949x},
    doi = {jeasci.2021.34.41},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-949x&doi=jeasci.2021.34.41},
    author = {Daud and},
    keywords = {BRA,liquid Asbuton,PET,AC-WC},
    abstract = {Numerous studies have explored ways to
introduce additives or conjugating materials into asphalt
mixture to reduce dependency on petroleum-based
asphalt. However, research on investigating the potential
of locally accessible materials to substitute conventional
petroleum-based asphalt and assessment of its prospective
mixture with recycled materials is limited. Buton asphalt
(Asbuton)-an abundant local resource in Indonesia, has
several advantages over petroleum extracted asphalt due
to its natural occurrence, high resistance and flexibility.
Exposure to sunlight and rain-dominant climate
characteristics in tropical region, makes this material
stronger and denser with the texture becoming flexible
and thus it reduces the possibility of cracks to develop.
Plastic wastes, with only a few such as Polyethylene
Terephthalate (PET) that is utilized as a mixture for
pavement are ideal candidates as a conjugating material
for asphalt mixture. Therefore, this research aimed to
assess the potential of utilizing PET as a conjugating
asphalt mixture by investigating the effect of mixing
plastic wastes into Asbuton Buton Rock Asphalt (BRA)-a
manufactured Asbuton version-in asphalt concrete layer
(Laston) using Marshall characteristics as performance
indicators. The laboratory testing results demonstrated
that adding of the BRA and plastic waste flakes mixture
into the AC-WC concrete mixture saved 8% of weight
with an optimum asphalt content of 6.5%. Using the
mixture of liquid Asbuton with BRA and 6% PET plastic
flakes was able to improve the stability performance of
asphalt mixture. The mixture characteristics, i.e., the
stability, Marshal Quotient (MQ) and VFB increased
while the flow, VIM and VMA reduced with the
increasing rate of effective asphalt contents due
to the addition of plastic waste flakes content.
Furthermore, the residual Marshall stability obtained
was above 90% and the voids at refusal densities
were in the range of <2%. It is concluded that
the PET and local non-oil-based composite asphalt
mixture exhibits structural advantages and therefore can
be considered sustainable for road pavement in tropical
areas.}
    }