@article{MAKHILLJEAS2020151919460,
    title = {Microwave Assisted Esterification and Transesterification of Dairy Scum Oil for Biodiesel
Production: Kinetics and Optimization Studies},
    journal = {Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
    volume = {15},
    number = {19},
    pages = {3453-3462},
    year = {2020},
    issn = {1816-949x},
    doi = {jeasci.2020.3453.3462},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-949x&doi=jeasci.2020.3453.3462},
    author = {Prakash,Amruth,Basawaraj,Chethan,Korada Rajashekharaiah and},
    keywords = {Dairy scum oil,biodiesel,microwave reactor,kinetics,KOH},
    abstract = {In the present study, a lab scale microwave
reactor was used to conduct the esterification and
transesterification of Dairy Scum Oil (DSO). The
optimum parameters for acid catalysed esterification
were: Microwave power-600 W, molar ratio of methanol
to FFA-30:1, Temperature of reaction-60°C,
concentration of sulphuric acid-8% by wt. while the
optimum parameters for transesterification were:
Temperature-60°C, Microwave power-600 W, molar ratio
of methanol to DSO-7:1, concentration of KOH-1%
(by wt.). Experiments conducted under optimum
conditions both in microwave reactor and conventional
electrically heated reactor revealed that, a highest
conversion of FFA was 93.63% (reaction time-16 min)
while a highest yield of FAMEs in transesterification was
93.47 (reaction time-5 min) in microwave reactor. Kinetic
studies conducted in microwave reactor showed that,
esterification and transesterification followed pseudo first
order kinetics.}
    }