@article{MAKHILLJEAS2020151419365,
    title = {Smart Robotic Exoskeleton: A 3-DOF for Wrist-Forearm Rehabilitation},
    journal = {Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
    volume = {15},
    number = {14},
    pages = {2781-2790},
    year = {2020},
    issn = {1816-949x},
    doi = {jeasci.2020.2781.2790},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-949x&doi=jeasci.2020.2781.2790},
    author = {Noor and},
    keywords = {Exoskeleton,robotic,wrist,stroke,SCI,rehabilitation},
    abstract = {In order to regain the Activities of Daily
Living (ADL) for patients suffering from different
conditions such as stroke and spinal cord injury, they
must be treated with rehabilitation process through a
programmed exercises. The human motor system can
learn through motor learning. This study concerned on
rehabilitation of wrist and forearm joints to restore the
ADL through designing and constructing a robotic
exoskeleton. The exoskeleton was designed to rehabilitate
the patients by providing a 3 Degree of Freedom (DOF)
include the flexion/extension, adduction/abduction and
pronation/supination movements. It is specified of being
portable, comfortable, lightweight and compatible with
the human anatomical structure in addition to providing a
speed and Range of Motion (ROM) as that of a normal
subject. It was designed with Solid Works software
program and constructed with 3D printer technique using
Polylactic Acid (PLA) plastic material. The overall
exoskeleton was controlled with electromyography and
angle information extracted using EMG myoware and
gyroscope sensors, respectively. It was applied for
evaluation with 5 normal subjects and 12 subjects of
stroke and Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). The results were
found that the exoskeleton has a strong effect on regaining
the muscle activity and increasing the ROMs of wrist and
forearm joints. These results give a proof of this
exoskeleton to be used for performing physiotherapy
exercises.}
    }