@article{MAKHILLJEAS2019141518166,
    title = {A Novel Method for Calculating a Fingerprint Gradient},
    journal = {Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
    volume = {14},
    number = {15},
    pages = {5152-5156},
    year = {2019},
    issn = {1816-949x},
    doi = {jeasci.2019.5152.5156},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-949x&doi=jeasci.2019.5152.5156},
    author = {H.I.,A.N.,V.J. and},
    keywords = {Image processing,fingerprint recognition,smoothing,fingerprint orientation field,gradient,results},
    abstract = {Fingerprint identification systems are one of the most well-known and widely-used biometrics because
of their inherent ease in acquisition, the numerous sources (ten fingers) available for collection and their established
use by law enforcement and immigration services. These systems rely on the unique biological characteristics of
individuals to accurately verify their identities. To get reliable and accurate verification results, these systems need
high-quality images. Fingerprint image quality is achieved by using noise-free images in the pre-processing and
filtering stages. In this study, we utilized several techniques to improve the image such as smoothing, up
sampling and gradient. This combination was made by using two coefficient parameters (α,β) with different values
to enhance the quality of images and remove the unwanted distortion or noise that affect a fingerprint recognition
system. The method is applied in the pre-processing stage to get a noise-free fingerprint image with high accuracy
factor.}
    }