@article{MAKHILLJEAS201914917773,
    title = {The use of Swimmer Bars as Shear Reinforcement in
Reinforced Concrete Structures},
    journal = {Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
    volume = {14},
    number = {9},
    pages = {2775-2782},
    year = {2019},
    issn = {1816-949x},
    doi = {jeasci.2019.2775.2782},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-949x&doi=jeasci.2019.2775.2782},
    author = {Moayyad},
    keywords = {punching shear,slabs,Swimmer bars,flat plates,slab deflection,stirrups},
    abstract = {The use of swimmer bars in reinforced concrete structures represents new concept of shear
reinforcement. The design of flat plates focuses on the punching shear strength of the flat plates while the
design of reinforced concrete beams focuses on the flexural strength and the shear strength. The thickness of
the flat plates is mainly controlled by the punching shear forces. The drop panels as well as the column capitals
are used extensively in the design of flat plates to resist some of the applied punching shear force. Swimmer
bars concept is new concept used mainly to take care of the excessive punching shear in flat plates and excess
shear force in beams. The swimmer bars are inclined bars welded at both of their ends forming a rigid steel cage
that has the capability of intercepting the punching shear in a plane. These swimmers bars form a shape similar
to truncated pyramid in plates and shear plane interceptor in beams. These types are proven to be very effective
in taking care of the applied shear forces. At the same time, the swimmer bars configuration, made of swimmer
bars and longitudinal bars is proven to be economical. The generated shapes represents shear plane
interceptors. Each plane acts as a crack plane that has the capability of resisting plane applied shear. The main
advantage of this new concept is eliminating the need for the use of drop panels or any extra measure dictated
by excessive applied shear forces. In this study, two different groups of flat plates are experimentally tested.
Each group is of different concrete compressive strength. Each group is composed of at least three flat plates.
Each flat plate is built with different swimmer bar diameter. The effect of the swimmer total steel area on the
punching shear strength of flat plates is presented. The effect of different values of concrete compressive
strength on the punching shear strength of flat plates is also discussed. Two different groups of beams were
also tested. The first group uses the traditional shear reinforcement while the second group uses the swimmer
bars as shear reinforcement. The deflection and deformation are monitored during the experimental test. The
mode of failure is one of the main objectives of this study, especially, in slabs built with the new perimeter
swimmer bars punching shear reinforcement system.}
    }