@article{MAKHILLJEAS201914817683,
    title = {Biotransformation of Fruti-Horticultural Agro-Industrial Residues Using
Efficient Microorganisms (EM) in Riobamba (Ecuador)},
    journal = {Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
    volume = {14},
    number = {8},
    pages = {2504-2512},
    year = {2019},
    issn = {1816-949x},
    doi = {jeasci.2019.2504.2512},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-949x&doi=jeasci.2019.2504.2512},
    author = {Clemencia,I.F.,M.,Maria P.,Cecilia,L.,I.,Myriam,Rosa and},
    keywords = {EM-A,EM-1,biotransformation,fertilizer,agroindustrial waste,substrate,aerobic fermentation},
    abstract = {The search for biotechnological alternatives for the use of organic waste in the horticultural process
is a current problem. In this investigation, the biotransformation of tomato peels (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.),
naranjilla (<i>Solanum quitoense</i>), tamarind (Tamarindus indica), potatoes (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) and cauliflower
(<i>Brassica oleracea</i> L.) was evaluated. Residues, subjected to aerobic fermentation with Effective
Microorganisms (EM): photosynthetic bacteria (<i>Rhodopseudomonas</i> spp.,), lactic acid bacteria (<i>Lactobacillus</i>
spp.,) (EM-1) and yeast (<i>Saccharomyces</i> spp.,). Two percentages of EM-A and three doses of agro-industrial
wastes were used to produce biofertilizer in this the pH (3.9) and the carbon/nitrogen ratio were determined they
were placed with in the regulations. The biofertilizer yield was 2.94 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. A physical-chemical analysis was
carried out on the bio-fertilizer, evaluating the sensory indicators: color, smell and texture, the most outstanding
physicochemical characteristics were presented in the T6 treatment (A3B2) which corresponds to 40% fruit
waste plus 40% of vegetables plus 20% of substrate to 10% of EM-A. The chemical analysis of the best
treatment was T2 (80% of fruit waste plus 20% of substrate to 10% of EM-A) with concentrations of macro and
micro elements of N: 24600; K: 15800; Ca: 12800; Mg: 4300; P: 3900; Faith: 3300; Mn: 92.39; Zn: 69.05; Cu: 27.99;
B: 15.55; Mo: 0.96 mg/kg, acceptable ranges according to current regulations including the microbial population.
Finally, the cost/benefit analysis of 0.454 kg of biofertilizer at 1.25 was established with a profit of 0.30 cents.}
    }