@article{MAKHILLJEAS201914617576,
    title = {Suggested Ideas to Manage Produced Water in Southern Iraqi Oil Fields},
    journal = {Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
    volume = {14},
    number = {6},
    pages = {1985-1988},
    year = {2019},
    issn = {1816-949x},
    doi = {jeasci.2019.1985.1988},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-949x&doi=jeasci.2019.1985.1988},
    author = {Dhorgham,Ayad A. and},
    keywords = {Produced water,oilfield,water management,water treatment,oil production,environmental
regulations},
    abstract = {The produced water contain mainly an impurities include dissolved salts, oils, grease-proof, different
organic and inorganic compounds and Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM). This water may
have environmental effect or it can be useful for various applications after a special treatment. The management
of produced water contains a wide range of options and techniques which try to optimize use of this water and
avoid the environmental damage of contaminated water in case of lack of proper handling. In this study,
highlight is introduced to know the major trends of produced water which associated with petroleum production
in Iraq. Many issues have been suggested to control or prevent the problem of increasing in quantity of
produced water. One of the most important suggestion ideas to manage produced water is to reuse water that
slightly exceed regulatory limits in arid or drought areas, rather than losing them to discharge in the surrounding
lands. Also, for less cost, the produced water can be treated on site to be re-injected back into the formation
from where it came. The summary of this study shows the need to inform a data base of quantity and quality
of produced water in different Iraqi oil fields and how to benefit of it in compliance with the environmental
regulations.}
    }