@article{MAKHILLJEAS2017122415304,
    title = {Airborne Wind Turbines and Flying Electric
Generators for Marine Propulsion},
    journal = {Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
    volume = {12},
    number = {24},
    pages = {7463-7471},
    year = {2017},
    issn = {1816-949x},
    doi = {jeasci.2017.7463.7471},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-949x&doi=jeasci.2017.7463.7471},
    author = {M.B.},
    keywords = {Rising cost of ship fuel,effect of international air pollution regulations,green ship technology,slow steaming,harnessing ocean winds,low level winds-Flettner rotor,hull size,kite tethered to ship,conventional wind turbine,high level winds-airborne wind turbines,air rotor systems,electric generators},
    abstract = {The ever escalating costs of bunker fuel for the shipping industry together with Stringent
International Regulations on air pollution has led to the search for alternative forms of energy which is pure,
available in plenty, renewable and cost effective. Energy harnessed from ocean winds is a viable proposition.
This study discusses the reasons for the rising costs of fuel oil, the steps to mitigate it by using green ship
technologies and slow steaming. This study examines how ocean winds can be harnessed to provide power
for ship propulsion. Ocean winds are available in abundance are stronger and steadier than land winds and
easier to harness. Various technologies for harnessing surface or close to surface winds, like the Flettner rotor
employing the Magnus effect, increasing the size of the hull (Maersk) using kites to assist ship propulsion
(SkySails) and wind turbines are described in this study. Wind at ground level is relatively weak (low speeds)
and inconsistent. As a generalism, it becomes stronger (high speeds) and more consistent the higher up you
go. Using this fact, more advanced technologies have been developed like the Airborne Wind Turbine (AWT),
air rotor system and air rotor wind generator (Magenn), Flying Electric Generators (FEG)-SkyWind power and
the Makani wing. These new developments are also technically discussed in detail. Finally, the benefits and
limitations of these devices are described. This study concludes by stating that the use of the wind energy by
the use of wind turbines has a great scope in the shipping industry and is also a renewable source of energy.
The initial cost of installation of the systems would be high but is a very cost efficient system for a longer run.}
    }