@article{MAKHILLJEAS201712614260,
    title = {Market-Oriented R&D Commercialization at Public Universities and
Government Research Institutes in Malaysia:
Issues and Potential Research Areas},
    journal = {Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
    volume = {12},
    number = {6},
    pages = {1386-1392},
    year = {2017},
    issn = {1816-949x},
    doi = {jeasci.2017.1386.1392},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-949x&doi=jeasci.2017.1386.1392},
    author = {Baharudin},
    keywords = {Research and development,commercialization,innovation,market-orientation,Malaysia},
    abstract = {R&D commercialization has become an important topic not only to researchers but increasingly to
policy makers interested in improving the National Innovation System (NIS) of a country so as to improve its
global competitiveness. The main measure of the returns to R&D expenditure is the rate of successful
commercialization of the research output. The objective of this study is to set the context in which efficient and
effective R&D expenditures (measured by the rate of successful commercialization) in Institutions of Higher
Learning (IHLs) and Government Research Institutes (GRIs) in Malaysia could potentially contribute to the
enhancement of the country’s NIS. The extensive literature review indicates a number of factors that affect the
rate of R&D commercialization at IHLs and GRIs; market-orientation and industry relevance of the research
outputs, the level of university-industry linkages and collaborations and availability of the appropriate
resources and funding at the various stages of the commercialization process. A number of potential research
areas were identified including, assessing the depth and richness of the linkages of the three components of
Malaysia’s NIS, identification of acknowledged cases of successful R&D commercialization at IHLs and GRIs
and understanding the mechanism for the success, comparing success rates of R&D commercialization across
major fields of research for IHLs and GRIs and identifying the underlying factors and benchmarking study of
Malaysia’s R&D commercialization versus those from more advanced economies. The proposed research areas
in this study could provide needed information that would help with policy making for the government and
related agencies to ensure Malaysia could advance from the current middle-income trap to the next level of
knowledge-based economy.}
    }