@article{MAKHILLJEAS2016111013866,
    title = {Comparison of Tribological Properties Between Canola Oil+ZDDP and SAE 40 Lubricants},
    journal = {Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
    volume = {11},
    number = {10},
    pages = {2126-2129},
    year = {2016},
    issn = {1816-949x},
    doi = {jeasci.2016.2126.2129},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-949x&doi=jeasci.2016.2126.2129},
    author = {Muhamad Azwar,Mohd Farizzul Hakim Mohd and},
    keywords = {Bio-lubricants,canola oil,ZDDP,anti-wear,friction},
    abstract = {The needs of replacing mineral based lubricants with a renewable, biodegradable and low toxicity lubricant is essential as to curb the environmental issues imposed by mineral based lubricants. This study reports the development or a new bio-lubricant using canola oil with the addition of Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) as anti-wear and anti-friction additive. It also presents the comparison data of tribological properties of the newly developed bio-lubricant against the commercially available SAE 40 mineral oil. From the data, it is evident that canola oil added with 2 wt% ZDDP is the most desirable addition as it gives the lowest coefficient of friction at 0.081 and the lowest wear scar diameter at 34.72 μ. These values are even lower than a commercialized mineral based lubricant SAE40. It can be concluded that canola oil with the addition of ZDDP at 2 wt% has a wide prospect in becoming an alternative green lubricant replacing the commercially available SAE40 lubricant oil.}
    }