@article{MAKHILLJEAS20105613201,
    title = {Influence of Al Content and Bias Voltage on the Microstructure of Ti<SUB>1-x</SUB>AL<SUB>x</SUB>N Hard Coatings},
    journal = {Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences},
    volume = {5},
    number = {6},
    pages = {394-402},
    year = {2010},
    issn = {1816-949x},
    doi = {jeasci.2010.394.402},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1816-949x&doi=jeasci.2010.394.402},
    author = {Fisnik and},
    keywords = {Bias voltage,cathodic arc evaporation,hard coatings,GAXRD,residual stress,Ti-Al-N},
    abstract = {Titanium Aluminum Nitride (Ti-Al-N) system is a well established hard coating known for their good physical, chemical and mechanical properties that is used in a variety of fields. The aim of this research is to investigate the influence of bias voltage and aluminum content on the microstructure, chemical composition and the residual stress of Ti-Al-N in order to illuminate the possibility of tailoring the coating properties mentioned above. Four groups of Ti<SUB>1-x</SUB>Al<SUB>x</SUB>N coatings were deposited by Cathodic Arc Evaporation (CAE) using powder metallurgical targets of Ti<SUB>1-xT</SUB>Al<SUB>xT</SUB> with x<SUB>T</SUB> = 0.50, 0.55, 0.60 and 0.66. The coatings were deposited onto cemented carbide (WC-Co) substrates at a temperature of 500&deg;C, at different bias voltages: -25, -50 and -100 V. Structural characterization of the coatings was performed with Glancing Angle X-Ray Diffraction (GAXRD) and Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy (GDOES). The microstructure of the coatings changed from predominantly single-phase fcc for <I>x</I> between ~0.50 and ~0.60 to dual phase fcc+hcp for x = ~0.66. The residual stress and the stress-free lattice parameter were analyzed using GAXRD and the sin<SUP>2</SUP>&#936; method was used to evaluate the data. Young&#146;s modulus of 500 GPa and Poisson&#146;s ratio of 0.3 were utilized in the evaluation. Residual compressive stress increased for about 4 GPa with increasing bias from -25 to -50 V. Further increasing bias from -50 to -100 V resulted only in an increase of about 1GPa. This investigation shows clearly the relations between the target and coating composition where bias is an important parameter.}
    }